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Eccouncil 312-50 Exam Questions

Eccouncil 312-50 Exam Questions Answers

Certified Ethical Hacker Exam

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Eccouncil 312-50 Sample Questions – Free Practice Test & Real Exam Prep

Question #1

Spears Technology, Inc is a software development company located in Los Angeles,California. They reported a breach in security, stating that its “security defenses has beenbreached and exploited for 2 weeks by hackers. “The hackers had accessed anddownloaded 90,000 address containing customer credit cards and password. SpearsTechnology found this attack to be so to law enforcement officials to protect theirintellectual property.How did this attack occur? The intruder entered through an employees home machine,which was connected to Spears Technology, Inc’s corporate VPN network. The applicationcalled BEAST Trojan was used in the attack to open a “Back Door” allowing the hackersundetected access. The security breach was discovered when customers complainedabout the usage of their credit cards without their knowledge.The hackers were traced back to Beijing China through e-mail address evidence. The creditcard information was sent to that same e-mail address. The passwords allowed the hackersto access Spears Technology’s network from a remote location, posing as employees. Theintent of the attacker was to steal the source code for their VOIP system and “hold ithostage” from Spears Technology, Inc exchange for ransom.The hackers had intended on selling the stolen VOIP software source code to competitors.How would you prevent such attacks from occurring in the future at Spears Technology?

  • A. Disable VPN access to all your employees from home machines 
  • B. Allow VPN access but replace the standard authentication with biometric authentication 
  • C. Replace the VPN access with dial-up modem access to the company’s network 
  • D. Enable 25 character complex password policy for employees to access the VPN network. 
Answer: A
Explanation: As long as there is a way in for employees through all security measures you can’t
be secure because you never know what computer the employees use to access recourses at
their workplace
Question #2

Which definition below best describes a covert channel?

  • A. Making use of a Protocol in a way it was not intended to be used 
  • B. It is the multiplexing taking place on communication link 
  • C. It is one of the weak channels used by WEP that makes it insecure 
  • D. A Server Program using a port that is not well known 
Answer: A
Explanation: A covert channel is a hidden communication channel not intended for information
transfer at all. Redundancy can often be used to communicate in a covert way. There are several
ways that hidden communication can be set up
Question #3

Erik notices a big increase in UDP packets sent to port 1026 and 1027 occasionally. Heenters the following at the command prompt. $ nc -l -p 1026 -u -v In response, he sees the following message. cell(?(c)????STOPALERT77STOP! WINDOWS REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION. Windows has found 47 Critical Errors. To fix the errors please do the following: 1. Download Registry Repair from: www.reg-patch.com 2. Install Registry Repair 3. Run Registry Repair 4. Reboot your computer FAILURE TO ACT NOW MAY LEAD TO DATA LOSS AND CORRUPTION! What would you infer from this alert?

  • A. The machine is redirecting traffic to www.reg-patch.com using adware 
  • B. It is a genuine fault of windows registry and the registry needs to be backed up 
  • C. An attacker has compromised the machine and backdoored ports 1026 and 1027 
  • D. It is a messenger spam. Windows creates a listener on one of the low dynamic ports from 1026 to 1029 and the message usually promotes malware disguised as legitimate utilities 
Answer: D
Explanation: The "net send" Messenger service can be used by unauthorized users of your
computer, without gaining any kind of privileged access, to cause a pop-up window to appear on
your computer. Lately, this feature has been used by unsolicited commercial advertisers to inform
many campus users about a "university diploma service"... 
Question #4

A file integrity program such as Tripwire protects against Trojan horse attacks by:

  • A. Automatically deleting Trojan horse programs 
  • B. Rejecting packets generated by Trojan horse programs 
  • C. Using programming hooks to inform the kernel of Trojan horse behavior 
  • D. Helping you catch unexpected changes to a system utility file that might indicate it had beenreplaced by a Trojan horse
Answer: D
Explanation: Tripwire generates a database of the most common files and directories on your
system. Once it is generated, you can then check the current state of your system against the
original database and get a report of all the files that have been modified, deleted or added. This
comes in handy if you allow other people access to your machine and even if you don't, if
someone else does get access, you'll know if they tried to modify files such as /bin/login etc. 
Question #5

Sniffing is considered an active attack. 

  • A. True 
  • B. False 
Answer: B
Explanation: Sniffing is considered a passive attack. 
Question #6

Which of the following Netcat commands would be used to perform a UDP scan of thelower 1024 ports?

  • A. Netcat -h -U 
  • B. Netcat -hU <host(s.> 
  • C. Netcat -sU -p 1-1024 <host(s.> 
  • D. Netcat -u -v -w2 <host> 1-1024 
  • E. Netcat -sS -O target/1024 
Answer: D
Explanation: The proper syntax for a UDP scan using Netcat is "Netcat -u -v -w2 <host> 1-1024".
Netcat is considered the Swiss-army knife of hacking tools because it is so versatile.
Question #7

Exhibit: * Missing*Jason's Web server was attacked by a trojan virus. He runs protocol analyzer and notices that the trojan communicates to a remote server on the Internet. Shown below is thestandard "hexdump" representation of the network packet, before being decoded. Jasonwants to identify the trojan by looking at the destination port number and mapping to atrojan-port number database on the Internet. Identify the remote server's port number bydecoding the packet?

  • A. Port 1890 (Net-Devil Trojan) 
  • B. Port 1786 (Net-Devil Trojan) 
  • C. Port 1909 (Net-Devil Trojan) 
  • D. Port 6667 (Net-Devil Trojan) 
Answer: D
Explanation: From trace, 0x1A0B is 6667, IRC Relay Chat, which is one port used. Other ports
are in the 900's.
Question #8

John wishes to install a new application onto his Windows 2000 server.He wants to ensure that any application he uses has not been Trojaned.What can he do to help ensure this?

  • A. Compare the file's MD5 signature with the one published on the distribution media 
  • B. Obtain the application via SSL 
  • C. Compare the file's virus signature with the one published on the distribution media 
  • D. Obtain the application from a CD-ROM disc 
Answer: A
Explanation: MD5 was developed by Professor Ronald L. Rivest of MIT. What it does, to quote
the executive summary of rfc1321, is: 
[The MD5 algorithm] takes as input a message of arbitrary length and produces as output a 128-
bit "fingerprint" or "message digest" of the input. It is conjectured that it is computationally
infeasible to produce two messages having the same message digest, or to produce any message
having a given prespecified target message digest. The MD5 algorithm is intended for digital
signature applications, where a large file must be "compressed" in a secure manner before being
encrypted with a private (secret) key under a public-key cryptosystem such as RSA. 
In essence, MD5 is a way to verify data integrity, and is much more reliable than checksum and
many other commonly used methods
Question #9

In Linux, the three most common commands that hackers usually attempt to Trojan are:

  • A. car, xterm, grep 
  • B. netstat, ps, top 
  • C. vmware, sed, less 
  • D. xterm, ps, nc 
Answer: B
Explanation: 
The easiest programs to trojan and the smartest ones to trojan are ones commonly run by
administrators and users, in this case netstat, ps, and top, for a complete list of commonly trojaned
and rootkited software please reference this URL: http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/1999-
9/features/rootkits.html
Question #10

You suspect that your Windows machine has been compromised with a Trojan virus. Whenyou run anti-virus software it does not pick of the Trojan. Next you run netstat command tolook for open ports and you notice a strange port 6666 open.What is the next step you would do?

  • A. Re-install the operating system. 
  • B. Re-run anti-virus software. 
  • C. Install and run Trojan removal software. 
  • D. Run utility fport and look for the application executable that listens on port 6666. 
Answer: D
Explanation: Fport reports all open TCP/IP and UDP ports and maps them to the owning
application. This is the same information you would see using the 'netstat -an' command, but it
also maps those ports to running processes with the PID, process name and path. Fport can be
used to quickly identify unknown open ports and their associated applications. 
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